TISSUE DEFECT RECONSTRUCTION
Tissue defects can occur due to various reasons such as burns, traffic accidents, occupational accidents, diseases that impair wound healing, complications due to surgery, and can only occur from skin loss to limb loss. Tissue defects can occur in any part of the body. Different reconstruction options are preferred according to the width, depth and region of the lost tissue.
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How are tissue defects evaluated?
In tissue defects, especially in injuries in the arm and leg area, the blood circulation in the continuation of the injury area is evaluated first. If there is a vascular injury, it may require immediate intervention. It is checked whether the integrity of structures such as nerves, muscles, bones is present. Tissue defects due to chronic diseases may be accompanied by infection, or a tissue defect in the foot may be the beginning of diabetes. It is necessary to evaluate all body functions of people presenting with tissue loss or open wounds.
How is tissue defect treated?
Treatment of tissue defects may vary depending on the extent of the injury. Especially dirty injuries are recommended to be closed after cleaning a few times. In cases of defect associated with bone injury, it is appropriate to ensure the integrity of the bone first and delay the repair of tissue loss until after bone stabilization. The path to be followed in tissue defect reconstruction varies according to the patient and the type of injury. The location of the injury, the extent of the injury, the general condition of the person, additional diseases are evaluated together, and the method is preferred to return to work and social life as quickly as possible.
Methods applied in tissue defect reconstruction?
In case of tissue defects, skin grafts containing only skin (skin patch) or flaps containing skin and subcutaneous tissues can be used.
Depending on the location and shape of the tissue defect, skin grafts can be used by taking full thickness to include all layers of the skin or partial thickness to include part of it.
Flaps may contain all elements such as fascia, muscle and bone together with subcutaneous tissue. It can be transplanted from an area close to tissue defect, or it can be transferred from more distant areas.
With the microsurgical methods developed today, flaps containing all tissues from the leg and groin, including bone, can be transplanted to any part of the body.
How is recovery after tissue loss?
Recovery after tissue loss depends on the surgical method applied. If it is in a dynamic region, post-operative physical therapy may be necessary. As the size and complexity of the injury increases in tissue loss repairs, the treatment and recovery become longer and more complex.